非对称走时克希霍夫叠前时间偏移方法在塔河地区的应用     

姜大建  宇俊瑞  张改兰  李燕 《物探与化探》2011,35(5):643-647

针对塔河油田"复式"成藏组合所具有的油气圈闭类型复杂、储层厚度薄、构造幅度小、岩性横向变化大和非均质性强等特点,采用非对称走时克希霍夫叠前时间偏移方法进行数据处理。与常规叠后时间偏移和弯曲射线克希霍夫叠前时间偏移相比,非对称走时克希霍夫叠前时间偏移成果剖面绕射波归位合理,断层、断点清晰,不整合面成像及奥陶系内幕碳酸盐缝洞体反射结构更加清楚,横向分辨率进一步提高。  相似文献   

各向异性介质转换波速度逐层单参数分析方法     

李勤  李庆春 《物探与化探》2011,35(2):270-273

转换波的时距曲线是非双曲线方程,由于介质的各向异性,使得转换波在实际地层中的传播更为复杂。针对各向异性介质中PSV转换波的速度分析展开讨论,鉴于各向异性介质的PSV波速度分析不能脱离PP波数据而单独进行,在学习前人研究成果的基础上,充分利用PP波速度分析的有效信息,对PSV转换波进行逐层单参数分析,在一定程度上简化了速度分析的程序,提高了速度分析的精度,并通过理论模型试算,验证了方法的正确性和可行性。  相似文献   

横波测井技术在海洋工程中的应用     

白大鹏  赵铁虎  顾雪晴  宋宝顺 《物探与化探》2011,35(3):409-413

单孔波速测试的传统做法是在地面激振,在孔中接收,但该方法测试深度受限,测试精度较低,且对于海上钻孔来说,根本无法实现激振,故对于海洋工程钻孔的波速测试,则需要新技术来实现横波波速的获取。笔者介绍的悬挂式波速测井法将震源和检波器同时放入井孔中,摆脱了笨重的地面敲击震源,实现了波速测井设备的轻便化,由相距1 m的两个检波器接收S波的传播信号,为一发双收装置,利用传感器接收到震源传来的S波信号到达时间(初至)差,来确定钻孔所在处地层波速的一种新技术。该方法在南堡油田平台场址调查中发挥了重要作用,对120 m深的钻孔进行了横波测井,取得了良好的测试成果,为该工程项目提供了准确的剪切波速,为划分该场址的场地土类别发挥了重要作用。  相似文献   

A Kinematic Thermal Model for Descending Slabs with Velocity Boundary Layers: A Case Study for the Tonga Subducting Slab   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

ZHANG Keliang an  WEI Dongping 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(1):211-222

For the purpose of investigating the influence of metastable olivine (MO) phase transformations on both deep seismicity and stagnation of slabs, we constructed a 2-dimensional finite element thermal model for a 120 Ma-old 50o dipping oceanic lithosphere descending at 10 cm/yr with velocity boundary layers, which would mitigate the interference of constant velocity field for the slab. The resulting temperatures show that most of intermediate and deep earthquakes occurring within the Tonga slab are occurring inside the 800oC and 1200oC isotherm, respectively. The elevation of olivine transformation near ~410 km and respective persistence of metastable olivine and spinel within the transition zone and beneath 660 km would thus result in bimodal positive, zonal, negative density anomalies, respectively. These results together with the resulting pressure anomalies may reflect the stress pattern of the Tonga slab: (i) slab pull force exerts above a depth of ~230 km; (ii) MO existence changes the buoyancy force within the transition zone and facilitates slab stagnation at a depth of 660 km; (iii) as the subducting materials accumulated over 660 km, deepest earthquakes occur due to MO transformation; (iv) a flattened ‘slab’ may penetrate into the lower mantle due to the density increment of Sp transformation.  相似文献   

Rayleigh面波各阶模式频散曲线对横波速度和层厚的敏感性探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张明财  熊章强  张大洲  刘白璐 《物探化探计算技术》2011,33(2):153-158

Rayleigh面波勘探的目的在于有效利用频散曲线反演地层厚度及横波速度,而不同模式的频散曲线对横波速度和层厚的敏感性不同。通过求取介质参数变化10%后与参数不变化时的二组频散曲线的差值,得到各阶模式的频率～相速度差曲线,分析了Rayleigh面波各模式频散曲线对横波速度、层厚的敏感性。试验结果表明,基阶模式对于浅层的横波速度和层厚比较敏感,敏感区域主要集中在较窄的频带范围内。而高阶模式对于相对较深层的横波速度和层厚比较敏感,且频率范围分布较大,敏感性强的频段分布比较分散。研究结果可以为Rayleigh面波多模式联合反演提供理论依据。  相似文献   

泥沙颗粒生长生物膜后起动的实验研究——Ⅱ.起动流速计算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

方红卫  尚倩倩  府仁寿  何国建 《水科学进展》2011,22(3):301-306

泥沙颗粒生长生物膜后,起动流速发生了较大变化.根据生长生物膜后的泥沙起动流速实验数据,考虑天然水体中,生物膜填充于颗粒与颗粒之间形成除水以外新的介质,将生物膜的作用模化为生物膜作用产生的粘连力,再考虑生物膜随时间变化的特性以及基底物理特性的影响等因素,结合泥沙颗粒之间由于薄膜水产生的黏结力、重力等,研究了颗粒在滑动和滚...  相似文献   

流动环境中圆孔水平热射流三维数值模拟   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

张健  杨立  张士成  吕事桂 《水科学进展》2011,22(5):668-673

根据计算流体动力学理论,采用Realizable k-ε紊流模型和SIMPLEC算法,考虑浮力作用,利用有限体积法来离散求解流动环境中圆孔水平热射流的流动与传热控制方程,对流动环境中圆孔水平热射流进行了三维数值模拟,比较了不同流速比和不同射流出口温度条件下的流动特性和温度分布特性,得到了热射流轨迹的速度和温度衰减规律,分析了流速比和射流出口温度对热射流轨迹温度分布的影响。  相似文献   

辽河盆地东部凸起区二叠系层速度-砂地比定量解释          下载免费PDF全文

严恒  代宗仰  王丽君 《江苏地质》2011,35(4):366-368

辽河盆地东部凸起勘探程度较低,钻井资料较缺乏,但地震资料相对较丰富。为了能在有限的资料中发掘更多能反映二叠系砂岩分布情况的信息,借助于地震处理中的速度分析资料,利用层速度-砂地比定量解释模型得到二叠系砂地比分布图,并在此基础上对二叠系的有利勘探区带进行了预测。  相似文献   

Propagation of water waves over permeable rippled beds     

Ching-Jer Huang  Chih-Hsin Chen 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(4):579-591

Unsteady two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations and Navier-Stokes type model equations for porous flow were solved numerically to simulate the propagation of water waves over a permeable rippled bed. A boundary-fitted coordinate system was adopted to make the computational meshes consistent with the rippled bed. The accuracy of the numerical scheme was confirmed by comparing the numerical results concerning the spatial distribution of wave amplitudes over impermeable and permeable rippled beds with the analytical solutions. For periodic incident waves, the flow field over the wavy wall is discussed in terms of the steady Eulerian streaming velocity. The trajectories of the fluid particles that are initially located close to the ripples were also determined. One of the main results herein is that under the action of periodic water waves, fluid particles on an impermeable rippled bed initially moved back and forth around the ripple crest, with increasing vertical distance from the rippled wall. After one or two wave periods, they are then lifted towards the next ripple crest. All of the marked particles on a permeable rippled bed were shifted onshore with a much larger displacement than those on an impermeable bed. Finally, the flow fields and the particle motions close to impermeable and permeable beds induced by a solitary wave are elucidated.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of hyperpycnal flows in an idealized river mouth     

Yan Wang  Houjie Wang  Naishuang Bi  Zuosheng Yang 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Numerical experiments in an idealized river mouth are conducted using a three-dimensional hydrodynamics model (EFDC model) to examine the impacts of suspended sediment concentration (SSC), settling velocity of sediment and tidal mixing on the formation and maintenance of estuarine hyperpycnal flows. The standard experiment presents an illustrative view of hyperpycnal flows that carry high-concentrated sediment and low-salinity water in the bottom layer (>1.0 m in thickness) along the subaqueous slope. The structure and intra-tidal variation of the simulated hyperpycnal flows are quite similar to those previously observed off the Huanghe (Yellow River) mouth. Results from the three control experiments show that SSC of river effluents is the most important parameter to the formation of hyperpycnal flows. High SSC will increase the bulk density of river effluents and thus offset the density difference between freshwater and seawater. Low SSC of river effluents will produce a surface river plume, as commonly observed in most large estuaries. Both the settling velocity of sediment particles and the tidal mixing play an important role in maintaining the hyperpycnal flows. Increasing settling velocity enhances the deposition of sediment from the hyperpycnal layer and thus accelerates the attenuation of hyperpycnal flows, whereas increasing tidal mixing destroys the stratification of water column and therefore makes the hyperpycnal flows less evident. Our results from numerical experiments are of importance to understand the initiation and maintenance of hyperpycnal flows in estuaries and provide a reference to the rapidly decaying hyperpycnal flows off the Huanghe river mouth due to climatic and anthropogenic forcing over the past several decades.  相似文献